
Private mortgage insurance protects the lender, not you, and on a conventional loan it is not permanent. Refinancing is one way out, but it is usually the most expensive one, and often unnecessary once you have built enough equity to ask.
Loan-to-value against the original purchase price or appraised value, whichever was lower. Cancellation at 80% needs a written request.
FHA mortgage insurance follows entirely different rules.
On most current FHA loans the annual premium remains for the life of the loan, and refinancing into a conventional loan is the only way to remove it. Confirm which type of insurance you are paying before assuming a cancellation request will work.

Two paths lead to your equity: replacing your mortgage with a larger one through a cash-out refinance, or opening a HELOC beside it. Which fits depends on the goal.

Adjustable-rate mortgages eventually reset. Learn when it makes sense to refinance into a fixed rate, and when waiting is the better call.

A lower rate doesn't automatically mean a refinance is worth it. Learn how to calculate your breakeven point before you refinance.
A loan officer can read your statement with you and tell you which route applies, or whether a refinance is the only way out. Pre-qualifying will not affect your credit score.
Pre-qualify